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How do you vet a food logistics supplier?

By Muhamed Selmani, Founder

Vet on evidence rather than on adjectives. Establish the legal floor first: a carrier is a food business under Regulation (EC) No 178/2002, works to procedures based on HACCP principles, and in England must not keep food that supports pathogen growth above 8°C. Then ask for what is voluntary and evidenced: certification such as BRCGS Storage and Distribution, temperature records from a live route, the insurance basis, and who responds when the load is on a subcontractor's vehicle.

Separate the law from the certificate before you read a single answer

A food logistics questionnaire fails at the first question when it asks a provider to confirm something legally compulsory, then scores it. The floor binds the shortlist equally, and a provider presenting compliance with it as a differentiator is selling you the law.

So run two columns. One holds what the law requires of any carrier: no credit for it, only a fail if it is missing. The other holds what is voluntary and evidenced — a certificate held today, a record you can inspect, an insurance basis in writing. The second column is where a shortlist separates.

The legal floor, named

This is the England position; Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland run their own instruments.

What binds any food carrier in England

  • A logistics operation is a food business. Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 defines one by the activities carried out at any stage of production, processing and distribution, and names distribution.
  • The vehicle. Assimilated Regulation (EC) No 852/2004 requires conveyances kept clean and in good repair, food protected from contamination, and where necessary the ability to hold appropriate temperatures and monitor them.
  • Procedures based on HACCP principles, required by the same regulation and enforced in England through the Food Safety and Hygiene (England) Regulations 2013.
  • The chilled ceiling. Those 2013 regulations make it an offence to keep food that supports pathogen growth above 8°C, subject to exemptions, and premises under the Food Safety Act 1990 includes a vehicle. Products of animal origin under assimilated Regulation (EC) No 853/2004 carry their own lower figures.
  • Frozen. The Quick-frozen Foodstuffs (England) Regulations 2007 require quick-frozen foodstuffs to be held at −18°C or colder, with a tolerance no warmer than −15°C in transport.
  • The people. Food handlers must be trained or instructed commensurate with their work activity — the law names no qualification and no level.
  • Registration with the local authority, free, at least 28 days before trading.

Do I need HACCP for delivery?

Yes, in the sense the law means it. Distribution sits inside the definition of a food business, so a carrier is a food business operator and must work to permanent procedures based on HACCP principles. What changes is the content, not the obligation.

For a carrier the hazards are shorter and more specific: time and temperature across the journey, contamination between loads, the integrity of what was handed over, and who touches it. A plan that reads like a kitchen's has been copied rather than written.

Then training, where the web is least reliable. The law names no qualification and no level: assimilated Regulation (EC) No 852/2004 requires training commensurate with the work activity, and the Food Standards Agency's position is that a certificate is not itself the requirement — evidenced competence is. So a supplier telling you its people are trained has said nothing. Ask what the award is in, since food safety and HACCP are different subjects and different certificates, ask to see one, and check the body that issued it still awards qualifications.

Put the same question here. Every driver on a Fleetable route holds Level 2 HACCP as a condition of engagement, checked at operator vetting. Fleetable's ops lead holds Level 3 HACCP and maintains the HACCP-based procedures the operation works to. Two awards for two jobs: the first covers working inside a plan, the one above it is written for the people who develop and maintain one — so a provider attributing the supervisory award to every driver is describing something worth asking to see. The awarding body belongs on the certificate rather than in a claim on a website, here as anywhere else. And neither level is required by law, because the law names none: read it as sitting above an open floor rather than as compliance with a mandate.

What BRCGS Storage and Distribution is, and what SALSA is

BRCGS Storage and Distribution is a third-party-certified product-safety standard benchmarked by the Global Food Safety Initiative, currently at Issue 4. It covers storage, distribution and transport by road, rail, air or ship, and a site can certify to a narrower scope, including transport only.

One rule inside it is worth knowing before you assess any asset-light provider, because it is what the scope turns on. The standard separates vehicles and staff a certified company directly manages, which may still be contracted in, from a subcontracting arrangement where the third party manages the service itself. Ask who manages the vehicle and the driver, and what that means on a Tuesday morning.

SALSA — Safe and Local Supplier Approval — approves small and micro food and drink businesses working from commercial premises: a standard for producers and packers rather than for logistics, with a separate Brokers, Storage and Distribution standard for small businesses that take title to what they sell.

Fleetable holds neither, and no other accreditation. What this piece will not do is say which scheme it would qualify for: applying published scope wording to a model produces an opinion, and an opinion about your eligibility is not evidence.

Who is liable for a cold chain break

Liability is allocated by three things, in order: your contract, the standard conditions where it is silent, and what insurance responds to.

Where carriage runs on the Road Haulage Association's conditions of carriage, liability for goods lost, misdelivered or damaged is capped by weight rather than by value — a figure per tonne, set by the edition your contract names — with indirect or consequential loss capped at the carriage charges. Fleetable contracts on the RHA Conditions of Carriage 2026, which caps liability for the goods at £1,300 per tonne, or £1.30 a kilo. The limit can be raised, by written notice before the goods move rather than after a loss.

For food that cap is the term to read twice: chilled and prepared product is light and expensive, so a stack worth thousands sits under a cap of a few hundred. Where the value per kilo runs far above the cap, the conditions are not your remedy.

Insurance answers a different question. Goods-in-transit cover is contractual rather than statutory — yours to require, at a limit and on a basis you set, capped to the conditions or written at full value. Public liability is separate cover, for third-party injury and property damage: it does not cover the value of the load, and no such policy does. Fleetable's own £10m of it sits on that basis.

The rest is not contractual at all. The business receiving the load decides whether it is fit to use, under its own procedures, and the carrier answers for what happened in its custody. Who is liable is a question the contract in front of you answers. This is not legal advice — only the list of places to look before a break rather than after one.

Auditing a delivery partner: the questionnaire, and the evidence

A questionnaire is only as good as the evidence it demands, and how fast that evidence arrives is most of what you learn.

The approved-supplier checklist

  • The HACCP-based procedures the operation works to, and who wrote them. A template with another company's name in it tells you plenty.
  • Temperature: what is recorded, food or air, by whom, how long it is kept, and how fast an old record appears.
  • One week of real records from a route they already run, with the client's name removed. The most revealing request here.
  • Certificates held today, with scope and expiry rather than the logo, and the ones not held.
  • Insurance: the certificate, the limit, whether goods cover is capped to the carriage conditions or written at full value, and who responds when the load is on a subcontracted vehicle.
  • Training: which awards, held by the people who will be on your route, with the evidence it was delivered.
  • Allergen control in transit: how the load is placed and protected, what happens on a mixed load, and how your written instructions reach the driver. Labelling stays your duty.
  • Cover: what happens when the driver on your route is off sick, and the escalation at 06:00 when a drop is missing.
  • Subcontracting: whether the work is subcontracted, on what vetting, and whether that answer sits in the contract or a policy.

Do not award on a questionnaire

A questionnaire measures a back office. It cannot tell you whether the 07:30 drop at your tightest site lands before prep starts, which is what your kitchens judge on. So finish with a parallel run: one route, alongside your current provider, on your own sites and windows, with nothing switched. You get a measured record instead of a promise, and a failure costs weeks of one route rather than a quarter of an estate.

The same answers here: Fleetable owns no vans, holds no premises and stores nothing — capacity is contracted route by route from vetted operators. No accreditation is held, and accreditations are added as contracts require them. Allergen control on a load is a contamination question for a carrier rather than a labelling one, and the separation your product needs is set with you and written into the contract. A route runs with a set driver and a named backup.

FAQ

Questions, answered.

Does a food courier need BRCGS certification?
Not as a matter of law — BRCGS is a voluntary third-party standard, and the compulsory part is the legislation above it. Whether you should require it depends on your own customers and your own tender. If you do, read the scope on the certificate: storage, distribution and transport-only are different scopes, and the standard's direct-management rule decides which one fits a provider that contracts its vehicles in.
Who is liable if food is spoiled in transit?
It depends on the contract, and that is the real answer rather than an evasion. Where nothing else is agreed, the Road Haulage Association's conditions cap a carrier's liability by weight rather than by the value of the goods, at a figure per tonne set by the edition the contract names — £1,300 per tonne under the RHA Conditions of Carriage 2026, which is what Fleetable contracts on — with consequential loss capped at the carriage charges. The insurance basis is yours to require, and the business receiving the load still decides whether it is fit to use. Read your contract; this is not legal advice.
What should a supplier questionnaire ask for beyond the certificates?
Three things. One week of real records from a route the provider already runs. Who responds when the goods are on a subcontractor's vehicle. And which awarding body issued the training certificates, and whether the award is in food safety or in HACCP, since the same level number covers several different qualifications. Those three separate an operation that exists from an answer that was written well.
Can I require a temperature record on my deliveries?
Yes, and it belongs in the contract rather than in an email. Specify what is recorded — the temperature of the food, or the air in the vehicle — who takes it, at what point in the handover, on what device, how long it is kept, and how quickly you can get one back. A requirement nobody has tested by asking for an old record is not yet a requirement.

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